TORTURE
Any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person by or instigation of public
official or other person acting in an official capacity for purposes of obtaining from the victim or a third person information or a
confession, punishing him/her for an act s/he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or
coercing him/her or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind
THREAT
It is whereby a person threatens to commit a crime, including but not limited to murder, rape, aggravated indecent assault, unlawful
detention, theft, malicious damage to property thereby inspiring in the person on whom she/he communicates the threat of a
reasonable fear or belief that he or she will commit the crime.
HARASSMENT/INTIMIDATION
Unlawfully subjecting one to pressure, insult of threat with intent to cause him/her to suffer anxiety discomfort and/or the feeling of
insecurity.
MOVEMENT VIOLATIONS
KIDNAPPING/UNLAWFUL DETENTION
Is whereby a person deprives another person of his freedom of bodily movement without lawful justification and/or authority (based on
section 93 of the Criminal code Act)
A) ABDUCTION
The taking away of a person using intimidation, open force of violence
B) UNLAWFUL ARREST
Is the arrest of a person by another person (usually a police officer), whereby the latter’s position generally authorizes him/her to arrest
the other person, but not in this particular case. Essentially, it is a form of abuse of power on the part of the police officer
Depriving a person of his or her freedom of bodily movement without lawful justification and/or authority.
C) UNLAWFUL DETENTION
D) FORCED DISPLACEMENT
Internal displacement of persons or groups of persons “…who have been forced or obliged to flee or leave their homes or places or
habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects or armed conflict, situations of generalized violence,
violations of human rights or natural or human made disasters, and who have not crossed an internally recognized border”
PROPERTY RIGHTS
THEFT
Is whereby a person takes property from another person “knowing” that the other person is entitled to own, possess or control this very
property.
ROBBERY
Is whereby a person steals, borrows or uses the property of another person without authority, thereby intentionally using violence or the
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